{"id":31155,"date":"2026-01-11T06:50:45","date_gmt":"2026-01-11T06:50:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webtube.fr\/?p=31155"},"modified":"2026-01-11T06:50:46","modified_gmt":"2026-01-11T06:50:46","slug":"groenland-une-eternelle-histoire-de-conquetes-et-de-convoitises","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webtube.fr\/index.php\/2026\/01\/11\/groenland-une-eternelle-histoire-de-conquetes-et-de-convoitises\/","title":{"rendered":". Groenland : une \u00e9ternelle histoire de conqu\u00eates et de convoitises"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Articles : <a href=\"https:\/\/webtube.fr\/index.php\/2026\/01\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jan 2026<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/webtube.fr\/index.php\/2025\/12\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dec. 2025<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/webtube.fr\/index.php\/2025\/11\/\">Nov. 2025<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/webtube.fr\/index.php\/2025\/10\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Oct. 2025<\/a> &#8211;<br>Facebook&nbsp;:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100069673161887\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100069673161887<\/a> Twitter : <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/OrtfNews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/twitter.com\/OrtfNews<\/a> Music 24\/24 : <a href=\"http:\/\/DJMUSIC.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/DJMUSIC.fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/weboomedia.free.fr\/ORTF\/php\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.bvoltaire.fr\/file\/Bvoltaire\/2026\/01\/IL20260109064723-pexels-therato-6555898-scaled-929x522.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>#webtube<\/strong> : <em>Bien avant Donald Trump, cette terre glac\u00e9e a attis\u00e9 bien des d\u00e9sirs. Le Groenland, ce vaste territoire du Grand Nord, \u00e9voque d\u2019abord un paysage presque lunaire, une immensit\u00e9 de glace scintillante, des fjords creus\u00e9s par les glaciations et des montagnes abruptes battues par les vents polaires. Cependant, derri\u00e8re cette description spectaculaire se cache une histoire complexe, reliant les premiers explorateurs europ\u00e9ens aux grands enjeux g\u00e9opolitiques du XXI<sup>e<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9pop\u00e9e du Groenland est celle d\u2019une terre peupl\u00e9e depuis des mill\u00e9naires par les peuples inuit, red\u00e9couverte par des Scandinaves \u00e0 la fin du premier mill\u00e9naire, int\u00e9gr\u00e9e progressivement \u00e0 la monarchie danoise avant de devenir un territoire largement autonome. Aujourd\u2019hui, alors que ses ressources naturelles et sa position strat\u00e9gique dans l\u2019Arctique attisent les convoitises, les d\u00e9clarations de Donald Trump relancent le d\u00e9bat sur sa souverainet\u00e9 et son devenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les origines et la d\u00e9couverte europ\u00e9enne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les premiers habitants du Groenland sont les Inuit, descendants de populations venues d\u2019Asie il y a plusieurs mill\u00e9naires, apr\u00e8s avoir franchi le d\u00e9troit de B\u00e9ring alors immerg\u00e9 durant les p\u00e9riodes glaciaires. Ces peuples d\u00e9velopp\u00e8rent une culture parfaitement adapt\u00e9e aux conditions extr\u00eames de l\u2019Arctique, fond\u00e9e sur la chasse, la p\u00eache et une connaissance fine de l\u2019environnement polaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vinrent ensuite les Vikings, ces marins et explorateurs scandinaves, qui furent les premiers Europ\u00e9ens \u00e0 atteindre le Groenland. En effet, vers l\u2019an 985, Erik le Rouge, banni d\u2019Islande, navigua vers l\u2019ouest et explora les c\u00f4tes sud de l\u2019\u00eele. Afin d\u2019inviter des colons \u00e0 le suivre, il baptisa ce territoire la \u00ab terre verte \u00bb,&nbsp;<em>\u00ab greenland \u00bb<\/em>, et ceci, malgr\u00e9 le climat rude qui y r\u00e9gnait. Des colonies norroises s\u2019\u00e9tablirent ainsi peu \u00e0 peu sur e territoire. Toutefois, ces communaut\u00e9s disparurent au d\u00e9but du XV<sup>e<\/sup>&nbsp;si\u00e8cle, pour des raisons encore d\u00e9battues par les historiens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat des Europ\u00e9ens pour le Groenland se raviva \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des grandes explorations. \u00c0 partir de 1721, le missionnaire luth\u00e9rien Hans Egede entreprit la recolonisation danoise de l\u2019\u00eele. Le Groenland devint alors une colonie du royaume uni du Danemark et de la Norv\u00e8ge. Apr\u00e8s la s\u00e9paration des deux royaumes en 1814,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ladepeche.fr\/2026\/01\/07\/groenland-pourquoi-lile-arctique-visee-par-donald-trump-appartient-t-elle-au-danemark-13147882.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">le Danemark conserva la souverainet\u00e9 sur le territoire<\/a>. Toutefois, au cours du XIX<sup>e<\/sup>&nbsp;et du d\u00e9but du XX<sup>e<\/sup>&nbsp;si\u00e8cle, des tensions persist\u00e8rent entre la Norv\u00e8ge et le Danemark au sujet de la possession de l\u2019\u00eele. Ce diff\u00e9rend fut tranch\u00e9 en 1933 par la Cour permanente de justice internationale, qui reconnut officiellement la souverainet\u00e9 danoise sur l\u2019ensemble du Groenland. Le territoire conserva n\u00e9anmoins son statut colonial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 ce sujet \u2014&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bvoltaire.fr\/macron-tacle-trump-au-groenland-ce-nest-pas-ce-qui-se-fait-entre-allies\/\">Macron tacle Trump au Groenland :&nbsp;<em>\u00ab Ce n\u2019est pas ce qui se fait entre alli\u00e9s \u00bb<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De colonie danoise \u00e0 l\u2019autonomie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le Groenland devint un enjeu strat\u00e9gique majeur et marqua le d\u00e9but de l\u2019ing\u00e9rence am\u00e9ricaine sur l\u2019\u00eele. En effet, avec l\u2019occupation du Danemark par l\u2019Allemagne nazie en 1940, le Groenland se retrouva isol\u00e9 de sa m\u00e9tropole. Les autorit\u00e9s danoises locales refus\u00e8rent toute all\u00e9geance au r\u00e9gime nazi et autoris\u00e8rent les \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e0 installer des bases militaires sur l\u2019\u00eele. Ces installations jou\u00e8rent ensuite un r\u00f4le clef durant la guerre froide, notamment&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/archives\/article\/1952\/09\/20\/les-secrets-de-la-base-de-thule-sont-leves-par-la-censure_2005478_1819218.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">la base de Thul\u00e9<\/a>, toujours utilis\u00e9e par les \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En 1953, le Groenland perdit officiellement son statut de colonie et fut int\u00e9gr\u00e9 comme territoire \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re du royaume du Danemark, ses habitants devenant citoyens danois. Dans les d\u00e9cennies suivantes, les Groenlandais r\u00e9clam\u00e8rent davantage de contr\u00f4le sur leurs affaires internes. En 1979, le Danemark accorda au territoire une autonomie territoriale, instaurant un Parlement local. Puis, en 2009, une loi d\u2019autonomie renforc\u00e9e reconnut le droit aux Groenlandais de r\u00e9clamer, s\u2019ils le veulent, leur ind\u00e9pendance par r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum. Le Danemark conserve n\u00e9anmoins la responsabilit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9fense, de la politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re et de la monnaie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les \u00c9tats-Unis et le Groenland : une convoitise ancienne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En parall\u00e8le de cette histoire singuli\u00e8re, marqu\u00e9e par la volont\u00e9 du Groenland d\u2019acqu\u00e9rir progressivement une forme d\u2019ind\u00e9pendance sans pour autant rompre avec ses racines danoises, le territoire dut \u00e9galement composer avec les ambitions des \u00c9tats-Unis. En effet, l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat am\u00e9ricain pour l\u2019\u00eele ne date pas de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bvoltaire.fr\/macron-tacle-trump-au-groenland-ce-nest-pas-ce-qui-se-fait-entre-allies\/\">Donald Trump<\/a>. D\u00e8s 1867, dans la foul\u00e9e de l\u2019achat de l\u2019Alaska \u00e0 la Russie, le secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00c9tat William Seward envisagea d\u00e9j\u00e0 l\u2019acquisition du Groenland et de l\u2019Islande &#8211; sans succ\u00e8s. Plus tard, en 1946, en plein contexte de guerre froide, le pr\u00e9sident Harry Truman proposa officiellement au Danemark d\u2019acheter le Groenland pour la somme de 100 millions de dollars en or. Copenhague refusa cat\u00e9goriquement, r\u00e9affirmant avec fermet\u00e9 que l\u2019\u00eele n\u2019\u00e9tait pas \u00e0 vendre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette volont\u00e9 persistante de Washington de contr\u00f4ler le Groenland s\u2019explique par sa position g\u00e9ostrat\u00e9gique exceptionnelle, situ\u00e9e \u00e0 la crois\u00e9e de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord et de l\u2019Europe, indispensable pour la surveillance militaire et les syst\u00e8mes de d\u00e9fense antimissile. \u00c0 cela s\u2019ajoutent les immenses ressources mini\u00e8res et \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques que rec\u00e8le son sous-sol. Ainsi, le Groenland continue encore aujourd\u2019hui son histoire de territoire convoit\u00e9 par les grandes puissances du monde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bvoltaire.fr\/auteur\/ericdemascureau\/\">Eric de Mascureau<\/a>, dans BV<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Articles : Jan 2026 &#8211; Dec. 2025 &#8211; Nov. 2025 &#8211; Oct. 2025 &#8211;Facebook&nbsp;:&nbsp;https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100069673161887 Twitter : https:\/\/twitter.com\/OrtfNews Music 24\/24 : http:\/\/DJMUSIC.fr #webtube : Bien avant Donald Trump, cette terre glac\u00e9e a attis\u00e9 bien des d\u00e9sirs. Le Groenland, ce vaste territoire du Grand Nord, \u00e9voque d\u2019abord un paysage presque lunaire, une immensit\u00e9 de glace scintillante, des &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/webtube.fr\/index.php\/2026\/01\/11\/groenland-une-eternelle-histoire-de-conquetes-et-de-convoitises\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> de &laquo;&nbsp;. Groenland : une \u00e9ternelle histoire de conqu\u00eates et de convoitises&nbsp;&raquo;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31155","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>. 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